Table 1 Mini-PCNL vs. Standard-PCNL

Mean (SD)

 Operation time (min)

133.73 (29.18)

95% CI 123.29–144.17

48.6 (17.88)

95% CI 42.2–55

0.009

 Fluoroscopy exposure time (min)

2.93 (0.87)

95% CI 2.6–3.26

3.07 (0.87)

95% CI 2.74–3.4

0.361

 Stone burden (cm)

1.6 (0.48)

95% CI 1.43–1.77

1.77 (0.53)

95% CI 1.58–1.96

0.018

 Preoperative Hemoglobin, g/mL

13.09 (1.05)

95% CI 12.7–13.5

13.38 (1.49)

95% CI 12.6–13.7

0.796

 Postoperative Hemoglobin, g/mL

12.95 (1.06)

95% CI 12.4–13.1

12.57 (1.54)

95% CI 12–13.1

0.601

 Hemoglobin drop, g/dL

0.14 (0.01)

0.82 (0.05)

0.032

 Hospital stay (Days)

1.4 (0.62)

95% CI 1.18–1.62

3.33 (1.21)

95% CI 2.9–3.76

0.003

 No. of NSAID ampoules used to control postoperative pain

1.53 (0.50)

95% CI 1.35–1.71

4.2 (0.99)

95% CI 3.85–4.55

0.001

 Catheter indwelling time (days)

1.4 (0.62)

3.23 (0.99)

0.022

 DJ indwelling time (months)

0

1.5 (0.58)

0.013

 Nephrostomy duration (days)

0

1 (0)

0.032

 Postoperative VAS pain score

1.4 (0.48)

95% CI 1.22–1.58

3.5 (0.69)

95% CI 3.24–3.76

0.001

 Clearance (SFR) n (%)

30 (100)

26 (86.7)

0.040

Auxiliary procedures n (%)

 (a) Catheterization for more than 72 h

0 (0)

14 (46.6)

0.040

 (b) Double J insertion

0 (0)

4 (13.3)

0.040

 (c) Nephrostomy tube

0 (0)

4 (13.3)

0.040

Complication (Clavien score) n (%)

 Grade I

  Leakage (follow-up)

4 (13.3)

26 (86.7)

0.001

  Bleeding

0 (0)

2 (6.7)

0.153

 Grade II

  Fever (SIRS)

2 (6.7)

8 (26.7)

0.039

 Grade III

  Pelvic injury

0 (0)

2 (6.7)

0.153

  ESWL postoperative

0 (0)

4 (13.3)

0.040