Table 2 Clinical presentation and fistula characteristics of participants
From: Outcome of urethral reconstruction among vesico-vaginal fistula patients: a cross-sectional study
Variables | Frequency | Percent (%) |
|---|---|---|
Presenting complaints | ||
 Leakage of urine | 20 | 87.0 |
 Leakage of urine and faeces | 3 | 13.0 |
Causes of fistula | ||
 Obstructed labour | 18 | 78.3 |
 Operative vaginal delivery | 2 | 8.7 |
 Caesarean section | 1 | 4.3 |
 Gynaecologic surgery | 1 | 4.3 |
 Trauma | 1 | 4.3 |
Site of other fistulaa | ||
 Juxtaurethral | 2 | 8.7 |
 Mid-vaginal | 6 | 26.1 |
 Juxtacervical | 2 | 8.7 |
 Uterovesical | 1 | 4.3 |
 Combined | 3 | 13.0 |
 Large circumferential | 8 | 34.8 |
 Vault | 1 | 4.3 |
Previous repair | ||
 Yes (1–4 repairs) | 13 | 56.5 |
 No | 10 | 43.5 |
Degree of vaginal mucosa fibrosis | ||
 Mild | 4 | 17.4 |
 Moderate | 3 | 13.0 |
 Severe | 16 | 69.6 |
Complexity of repair | ||
 Simple | 2 | 8.7 |
 Complex | 12 | 52.2 |
 Irreparable | 8 | 34.8 |
 Indeterminate | 1 | 4.3 |
Outcome of repair | ||
 Successful | 19 | 82.6 |
 Failed | 4 | 17.4 |
Incontinence post removal of catheter following successful repair (n = 19) | ||
 Yes (7—stress incontinence, overflow—1) | 8 | 42.1 |
 No | 11 | 57.9 |