Experience of a tertiary-level urology center in the clinical urological events of rare and very rare incidence. III. Psychourological events: 2. Phobia of renal failure due to loin pain

African Journal of Urology

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients (n = 78) of phobia of renal failure

Variables/characteristics	Values	Percentages
Age range (Mean ± SD) in years	23–60 (41.12 ± 9.58)
Gender
Male	21	26.9
Female	57	73.1
Marital status
Single	23	29.5
Married	36	46.2
Divorced	10	12.8
Widow	9	11.5
Job
Employed	23	29.5
Unemployed	55	70.5
Education level^a
None	14	17.9
Low	32	41
Middle	24	30.8
High	8	10.3
Residential status
Low	59	75.6
Middle	14	18
High	5	6.4
Economic level^b
Low	44	56.4
Middle	25	32.1
High	9	11.5
Fear expression
Direct complaint	64	82.1
Indirect complaint	14	17.9
Loin pain
Anatomical side
Right	6	7.7
Left	10	12.8
Bilateral	62	79.5
Character
Dull ache	57	73.1
Heaviness/Discomfort	21	26.9
Duration (Mean ± SD in months)	7–36 (15.29 ± 6.17)
Constitutional Symptoms of phobia
Headache	59	75.6
Dyspepsia/anorexia	48	61.5
Others^c	51	65.4
Clinical visits
Frequency (Mean ± SD)	4–12 (7.44 ± 2.99)
Specialties number	2–3
Relevant history of ESRD
Relative HD-patient	65	83.3
Non-relative	13	16.7
Investigations
Urine analysis
Albuminuria	0	0
Crystalluria	7	9
Serum creatinine range (mg/dl)	0.6–1.2
Imaging (US, KUB, IVU, CT)
Simple renal cysts	3	3.8
Ectopic kidney	1	1.3
Solitary renal stone	2	2.6
Phleboliths	4	5.1
Normal	68	87.2
Follow up range (years)	5–7

SD standard deviation, ESRD end-stage renal disease, HD hemodialysis, US ultrasonography, KUB kidney-ureter-bladder radiography film, IVU intravenous urography, CT computed tomography
^aEducation level: Education level was categorized into: Low (essential education levels), Middle (Secondary school levels), and High (College and higher levels)
^bEconomic level: It considered the regular annual income
^cOther constitutional symptoms include chest tightness, short breathing, lethargy, sweating, and insomnia